Brief Explanation of an ELECTRIC CHARGE

Before going in deep with  electric charges , we need to know about universe a little more . universe is made up of matter and matter is made up of various elementary particles . In our present discussions all those particles are of no concern , we need to know about only three particles and they are ELECTRONS , PROTONS AND NEUTRONS . They have their respective masses as 9.1 x 10^-31 kg ,1.672×10⁻²⁷ kg and 1.6×10^{−27  KG.}

 

Mass and Nature of Elementary Particles

Symbols Of Elementary Particles

Now we have understood all about the masses of these particles . Because of the masses of these particles they intend to attract each other due to gravitational forces . when you will keep two electrons in a box then they attract each other because of their masses but we can see that they repel with greater force . Now the question arises that what is that extra force which helps both of them to repel each other . We call that extra force as ELECTRIC FORCE . Electric force is very large as compared to gravitational forces . With the help of the following equation , we can compare both the forces of nature

Comparison Of Gravitational and Electrical forces

                               Until now we understood that there exists an electric force , now a question arises that which property of these particles causes them to repel . We call that property CHARGE . Charge causes these particles to repel each other . Now if we apply the same story for protons ; if we keep two protons in a box then we see the same result of which electrons behaved  . But it is not in the case of Neutrons , neutrons play a little bit different with these kind of experiment ; it means if you keep two neutrons in a box then they are going to attract each other because of their masses but they do not repel each other because they don't have the so called property CHARGE .
                             We have understood about the charges and the masses of these three fundamental particles and we have come to the conclusion that Electrons and Protons both have Charge and Mass but Neutrons have mass but no charge .